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Table 2 ZnO nanofluids and crude oil properties

From: Evaluation of stability and functionality of zinc oxide nanofluids for enhanced oil recovery

Concentrations

Density

Interfacial tension

Crude oil

0.7802 g/cm3

63.2 mN/m

ZnO with crude

0.9981 g/cm3

26.1 mN/m

ZnO + PVP with crude

0.9985 g/cm3

25.7 mN/m

ZnO + PVA with crude

1.0010 g/cm3

24.5 mN/m