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Table 1 Specifications of MWCNT and Al2O3 NPs

From: Rheological behavior of 10W40 base oil containing different combinations of MWCNT-Al2O3 nanoparticles and determination of the target nano-lubricant for industrial applications

NPs

Purity

APS

SSA

Color

True density

Morphology

MWCNT

> 95 wt%

5–15 nm

233 m2/g

Black

 ~ 2.1 g/cm3

Cylindrical

Al2O3

≥ 99%

20 nm

138 m2/g

white

3.97 g/cm3

Nearly spherical