Comprehensive study and scientific process to increase the accuracy in estimating the thermal conductivity of nanofluids containing SWCNTs and CuO nanoparticles using an artificial neural network

Micro and Nano Systems Letters

Table 1 Summary of research that investigated the NFs heat transfer properties

NPs	Base fluid	SVF (%)	Conditions	Max. heat transfer enhancement (%)	Ref.
Al₂O₃	Water	0.2–2.5	Re = 700–2050	41	[21]
MWCNT		0.5–1.5	Re = 150–15000	2	[22]
CuO		0.03–0.7	Flow rate = 1.5–3.5 lpm	53%	[23]
TiO₂		0.2	Re = 5000–17000	11	[24]
TiO₂	Water-EG	0.5–1	Re = 800–23000	24	[25]
Al₂O₃	Water	Up to 2.5%	Re = 750–8500	345	[26]