Table 2 Comparison of published work regarding power-harvesting antennas
From: RF power harvesting: a review on designing methodologies and applications
Ref. | Type | Gain (dBi) | Freq. (GHz) | Dimension (mm) | Sensitivity | RF-DC PCE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[25] | Air-substrate patch | 7 | 2.45 | 261 × 5 | – | 30% @ 1 µW/cm2 |
[26] | Polarization patch | – | 5.1–5.8 5.8–6.1 | 90 × 160 | – | 23.8%–31.9% 22.7%–24.5% |
[27] | Patch | – | 2.45 | 100 × 70 | – | 73.9% @ 207 µW/cm2 |
[28] | Dual-linearly polarized patch | 7.45–7.63 | 2.45 | 70 × 47.5 | – | 78% @ 295.3 µW/cm2 |
[29] | Microstrip | 5.3 | 160 | – | – | 8.5% @ −2.46 dBm |
[30] | Patch | – | 1.9–3.2 | 40 × 40 × 0.8 | 20 µW/cm2 | 70% @ 50 µW/cm2 |
[31] | Patch | −20.20 | 0.915 | Π × 6 × 1.584 |  | ~ 60% |
[32] | Patch, metal strip | 4.33 6.64 | 4.9 5.9 | 68 × 34 | – | 65.2% 64.8% |
[33] | Stack differential | – | 5.8 | 120 × 40 | – | 44.1% @ 0.041 W/m2 |
[24] | Cross dipole | – | 1.8–2.5 | 70 × 70 × 13.2 | −35 dBm | 55% @ −10 dBm |
[34] | Dual-polarized patch | – | 2.45 | 100 × 100 × 3.8 | – | 82.3% @ 22 dBm |
[35] | 1 × 4 quasi-Yagi | 10.9 13.3 | 1.8 2.2 | 300 × 300 × 1.6 | – | 40% @ 455 µW/cm2 |
[36] | Dipole | – | 0.915 2.45 | 60 × 60 × 60 | 1 µW/cm2 | 48% @ 0 dBm 39% @ 0 dBm |
[37] | Microstrip | 8.6 | 2.45 | – |  | 83% |
[38] | Patch | 4 | 2.45 | – | – | 70% |
[39] | Patch | 2.19 3.6 | 2.45 5.8 | 40 × 43 | – | 65% @ 10 mW/cm2 46% @ 10 mW/cm2 |